Name: Nidhi P. Jethava
Paper: Research Methodology
Roll No. : 13
Enrollment Number: 306920200009
Email ID: jethavanidhi8@gmail.com
Batch: 20-22( MA SEM- 4 )
Submitted to: S. B. Gardi Department of English, Maharaja KrishnaKumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
Why Citation is Important and Why Plagiarism is it a serious matter?
What is Research?
“Research is a process of systematic inquiry that entails collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data/information, in accordance with suitable methodologies set by specific professional fields and academic disciplines.
Research is conducted to...
Evaluate the validity of a hypothesis or an interpretive framework.
To assemble a body of substantive knowledge and findings for sharing them in appropriate manners.
To help generate questions for further inquiries.” (Hampshire College)
What is Citation?
A "citation" is the way you tell your readers that certain material in your work came from another source. It also gives your readers the information necessary to find that source again, including:
information about the author
the title of the work
the name and location of the company that published your copy of the source
the date your copy was published
the page numbers of the material you are borrowing.
Why Citation is important?
Citing your sources is important for a variety of reasons, including:
It gives credit to the authors of the sources you used
It provides your reader with more information about your sources
It shows your credibility
It prevents plagiarism!
The easiest way to prevent plagiarism is by correctly noting your sources during the research and citing your sources in your writing and presentations.
According to Ohio State University
Giving Credit to Auther:
One major purpose of citations is to simply provide credit where it is due. When you provide accurate citations, you are acknowledging both the hard work that has gone into producing research and the person(s) who performed that research. Think about the effort you put into your work (whether essays, reports, or even non-academic jobs): if someone else took credit for your ideas or words, would that seem fair, or would you expect to have your efforts recognized?
It provides your reader with more information about your sources
Having accurate citations will help you as a researcher and writer keep track of the sources and information you find so that you can easily find the source again. Accurate citations may take some effort to produce, but they will save you time in the long run. So think of proper citation as a gift to your future researching self
To Provide Credibility to Your Work & to Place Your Work in Context
Providing accurate citations puts your work and ideas into an academic context. They tell your reader that you’ve done your research and know what others have said about your topic. Not only do citations provide context for your work but they also lend credibility and authority to your claims.
For example, if you’re researching and writing about sustainability and construction, you should cite experts in sustainability, construction, and sustainable construction in order to demonstrate that you are well-versed in the most common ideas in the fields. Although you can make a claim about sustainable construction after doing research only in that particular field, your claim will carry more weight if you can demonstrate that your claim can be supported by the research of experts in closely related fields as well.
Citing sources about sustainability and construction as well as sustainable construction demonstrates the diversity of views and approaches to the topic. In addition, proper citation also demonstrates the ways in which research is social: no one researches in a vacuum—we all rely on the work of others to help us during the research process.
It prevents plagiarism!
Misrepresenting your academic achievements by not giving credit to others indicates a lack of academic integrity. This is not only looked down upon by the scholarly community, but it is also punished. When you are a student this could mean a failing grade or even expulsion from the university.
Plagiarism is a prominent problem encountered in the academic process and is one of the most common causes of compromising the academic integrity of the author. Sources must be cited in an appropriate form. Copying, using, or the misuse of other people’s ideas, words or concepts, without proper referencing is prohibited. It is not enough to change a few words in a phrase from the source material into “own words”. Changing the word-order of a sentence is unacceptable, as is the use of synonyms. Referencing and references, signify the quality of the work, detail the primary sources and are indicative of the extent of information on the subject. Proper referencing removes any question of plagiarism. ( Ario Santini)
Careful research
Many instances of unintentional plagiarism can be traced back to sloppily taking notes during the research process. So be scrupulous in your research and note-taking. When you write, your notes will help you identify all borrowed material. Make sure that you clearly identify when you are copying words from a source (and transcribe them exactly or retain digital images of the passages), when you are summarizing or paraphrasing a source, and when you are jotting down an original thought of your own. Remember to record page numbers for quotations and paraphrased passages in your notes. Note-taking apps can help you collect information about your sources and organize your own ideas. Steer a middle course between recording too much information and too little. Details, like specific phrases and passages, will help you present evidence in your paper. But also remember to describe in your notes how a writer used those details to arrive at a particular conclusion. Notes that merely list quotations without giving any sense of why they are important, how they relate to the sources they derive from and to one another, and what they collectively mean will be of little help to you once you start writing. As you do research, collect all the sources you use in one place, which will allow you to double-check that your work acknowledges them. Care needs to be taken even when using a digital reference manager for notetaking or creating documentation, since the data used by the software can be incorrect and must be checked against your source. Thus, manual input is often required. Citation tools are a good starting point, but their output must be verified and edited. ( MLA Handbook 9th Edition)
How to Cite a Source?
There are many different ways of citing resources from your research. The citation style sometimes depends on the academic discipline involved. For example:
APA (American Psychological Association) is used by Education, Psychology, and Sciences
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is used by the Humanities
Chicago/Turabian style is generally used by Business, History, and the Fine Arts.
Why Plagiarism is it a serious matter?
Occasionally an author or public speaker is accused of plagiarism. No doubt you have had classroom conversations about plagiarism and academic dishonesty. Your school may have an honor code that addresses academic dishonesty; your school almost certainly has disciplinary procedures meant to address plagiarism. But you may not be sure what exactly this offense is and how to avoid committing it.
Plagiarism is presenting another person’s ideas, words, or entire work as your own. Plagiarism may sometimes have legal repercussions (e.g., when it involves copyright infringement) but is always unethical.
Plagiarism can take a number of forms. Copying a published or unpublished text of any length, whether deliberately or accidentally, is plagiarism if you do not give credit to the source. Paraphrasing someone’s ideas or arguments or copying someone’s unique wording without giving proper credit is plagiarism. Turning in a paper or thesis written by someone else, even if you paid for it, is plagiarism.
It is even possible to plagiarize yourself. In published work, if you reuse ideas or phrases that you used in prior work and do not cite your prior work, you have plagiarized. Many schools’ academic honesty policies prohibit the reuse of one’s prior work in papers, theses, and dissertations, even with selfcitation. (Sometimes, however, revising and building on your earlier work is useful and productive for intellectual growth; if you want to reuse portions of your previously written work in an educational context, ask your instructor.) When writers and public speakers are exposed as plagiarists in professional contexts, they may lose their jobs and are certain to suffer public embarrassment, diminished prestige, and loss of credibility. One instance of plagiarism can cast a shadow across an entire career because plagiarism reflects poorly on a person’s judgment, integrity, and honesty and calls into question everything about that person’s work. The consequences of plagiarism are not just personal, however. The damage done is also social. Ultimately, plagiarism is serious because it erodes public trust in information.
Works Cited
Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook (OFFICIAL). Edited by Modern Language Association of America, Modern Language Association, 2021.
Santini, Ario. “The Importance of Referencing.” NCBI, 9 February 2018, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5953266/. Accessed 17 March 2022.
“What is Research?” Hampshire College, https://www.hampshire.edu/dof/what-is-research. Accessed 17 March 2022.
“Why Cite Sources? – Choosing & Using Sources: A Guide to Academic Research.” The Ohio State University Pressbooks, https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/choosingsources/chapter/why-cite/. Accessed 17 March 2022.
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